Fri Jun 10 2022

25 articles - From Friday Jun 03 2022 to Friday Jun 10 2022

parm_toc.knit

Guidelines

Guidelines, position statements, white papers, technical reviews, consensus statements, etc…

Am J Clin Nutr

Does the concept of "ultra-processed foods" help inform dietary guidelines, beyond conventional classification systems? NO.

A highly cited randomized controlled feeding study that compared a UPF diet with an unprocessed diet showed a rapidly weaning effect on energy intake that can be entirely explained by more conventional and quantifiable dietary factors, including energy density, intrinsic fiber, glycemic load, and added sugar. Clearly, many aspects of food processing can affect health outcomes, but conflating them into the notion of ultra-processing is unnecessary, because the main determinants of chronic disease risk are already captured by existing nutrient profiling systems. In conclusion, the Nova classification adds little to existing nutrient profiling systems; characterizes several healthy, nutrient-dense foods as unhealthy; and is counterproductive to solve the major global food production challenges.

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Does the concept of "ultra-processed foods" help inform dietary guidelines, beyond conventional classification systems? YES.

These data show that increased intake of ultra-processed foods is associated with poor-quality diets and with increased morbidity and mortality from several chronic diseases. Various attributes of ultra-processed foods acting through known, plausible, or suggested physiologic and behavioral mechanisms relate them to ill health, and it is likely that different combinations of attributes and mechanisms affect different health outcomes. Although more research should be done to identify these mechanisms, existing evidence is sufficient to recommend the avoidance of ultra-processed foods to optimize health and policies to support and make feasible this recommendation.

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Meta-analysis

meta-analyses and systematic reviews

Am J Clin Nutr

A single high-fat meal adversely affects postprandial endothelial function: a systemastic review and meta-analysis.

A single high-fat meal adversely impacts endothelial function, with the magnitude of the impact on postprandial FMD moderated by fasting FMD, participant age, body mass index, and fat content of the meal. Recommendations are made to standardize the design of future postprandial FMD studies and optimize interpretation of results, as high-fat meals are commonly used in clinical studies as a challenge to assess endothelial function and therapeutics.

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Systematic review and meta-analysis examining the relationship between postprandial hypotension, cardiovascular events, and all-cause mortality.

This assessment indicates an association of PPH with CVD and all-cause mortality. Further studies are required to improve CVD and mortality estimates but the potential seriousness of CVD and all-cause mortality as outcomes of PPH justifies more screening, diagnosis and research.

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Original articles

RCT, clinical trials, retrospective studies, etc…

Am J Clin Nutr

Birth length is the strongest predictor of linear growth status and stunting in the first 2 years of life after a preconception maternal nutrition intervention: the children of the Women First trial.

Substantial improvements in postnatal growth are likely to depend on improved intrauterine growth, especially during early pregnancy.

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Comparison between the Brazilian and three international gestational weight gain charts.

The charts differ in GWG trajectories, especially for women with overweight and obesity. The four charts had low predictive ability of SGA and LGA and should not be considered as isolated screening tools for those outcomes.

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Consumption of takeaway and delivery meals is associated with increased BMI and percent fat among UK Biobank participants.

Homecooked meals were more often consumed by those with low BMI and percent body fat, whereas delivery and takeaway meals were more often eaten by individuals with higher BMI. Consumption of fast-food/café meals was not consistently associated with BMI or percent body fat. The direction of causality in these associations cannot be inferred from this cross-sectional study.

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Dairy foods, calcium intakes, and risk of incident prostate cancer in Adventist Health Study-2.

Men with higher intake of dairy foods, but not nondairy calcium, had a higher risk of prostate cancer compared with men having lower intakes. Associations were nonlinear, suggesting greatest increases in risk at relatively low doses.

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Levels of abdominal adipose tissue and metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) in middle age according to average fast-food intake over the preceding 25 years: the CARDIA Study.

There were monotonic higher levels of VAT, liver fat, and odds of having MAFLD in middle age according to higher average fast-food intake over the preceding 25 y.

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Starting complementary feeding with vegetables only increases vegetable acceptance at 9 months: a randomized controlled trial.

Providing vegetables as first foods increased vegetable intake at 9 mo of age and may be an effective strategy for improving child vegetable consumption and developing preferences for vegetables in infancy.

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Liver Transpl

Burden of Early Hospitalization after Simultaneous Liver-Kidney Transplantation: Results from the US Multicenter SLKT Consortium.

Early hospitalizations after SLKT were very common but did not affect conditional survival. Although most of the risk factors for early hospitalization were non-modifiable, discharge to SAR after initial SLKT was associated with significant higher incidence rate of early hospitalization. Efforts and resources should be focused on identifying SLKT recipients at high risk for early hospitalization to optimize their predischarge care, discharge planning and long-term follow-up.

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In-situ normothermic regional perfusion versus ex-situ normothermic machine perfusion in liver transplantation from donation after circulatory death.

Both perfusion techniques achieved similar outcomes and appear to match benchmarks expected for DBD livers. This study may inform the design of a definitive trial.

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Telomere length is associated with intima-media thickness in pediatric liver transplant patients - a prospective cohort study.

LTL is associated with IMT independent of age in pediatric liver transplant patients, suggesting that early aging contributes to the high burden of subclinical cardiovascular damage, and may furthermore negatively affect the graft.

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Reviews&Editorials

Plenty of the editorials are available as full text through the publisher website using the provided link

Liver Transpl

Location, allocation, and survival: The wise have stepped where others feared to tread, it is now time to follow.

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Sixty Years of Functional Clotting Assays in Pediatric Liver Transplant.

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Letters&Replies

Letters to the editors and authors’ replies


Others

all remaining publications eg case reports, images of the month, etc…

Am J Clin Nutr

"Clarification on our critique of the Energy Balance Hypothesis of Obesity".

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Does excessive fast-food consumption impair our health?

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Healthy eating for healthy aging: What and when to eat as an older adult.

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Leaving Energy Balance Behind.

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Making every bite count: best practices for introducing foods during the complementary feeding period.

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Reply to Taubes, Friedman, and Torres-Carot et al.

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Starting life right: birth length matters.

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The Energy Balance Model vs. The Carbohydrate Insulin Model.

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The need for nuance with dietary data.

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Liver Transpl

Deceased donor liver transplantation in patients on direct oral anticoagulants at the time of transplant surgery: A case series.

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